DROSHA Gene Summary [Human]
This gene encodes a ribonuclease (RNase) III double-stranded RNA-specific ribonuclease and subunit of the microprocessor protein complex, which catalyzes the initial processing step of microRNA (miRNA) synthesis. The encoded protein cleaves the stem loop structure from the primary microRNA (pri-miRNA) in the nucleus, yielding the precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is then exported to the cytoplasm for further processing. In a human cell line lacking a functional copy of this gene, canonical miRNA synthesis is reduced. Somatic mutations in this gene have been observed in human patients with kidney cancer. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2016]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | DROSHA |
| Official Name | drosha ribonuclease III [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:17904] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000113360 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | drosha ribonuclease III, drosha, ribonuclease type III, drosha, double-stranded RNA-specific endoribonuclease |
| Synonyms | 1110013A17Rik, drosha ribonuclease III, drosha, ribonuclease type III, ETOHI2, HSA242976, RANSE3L, RGD1307626, RN3, RNASE3L, RNASEN |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human DROSHA often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- arginine serine dipeptide repeat domain
- SMAD binding
- double-stranded RNA binding motif (DSRM) superfamily
- ribonuclease III, bacterial
- enzyme
- protein binding
- lipopolysaccharide binding
- proline rich domain
- RNA binding
- Double-stranded RNA binding motif
- ribonuclease III
- DEAD/H-box RNA helicase binding
- protein homodimerization
- endoribonuclease
- dsRNA-binding domain
- RIBOc
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- neoplasia
- cancer
- papillomatosis
- metastasis
- esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
- head and neck cancer
- brain cancer
- endocrine cancer
- head and neck neoplasia
- central nervous system cancer
role in cell
- proliferation
- cell death
- quantity
- expression in
- growth
- migration
- invasion by
- molecular cleavage in
- processing in
- translation in
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Nucleus
- nuclear fraction
- glutaminergic synapse
- cytosol
- nucleoplasm
- postsynaptic density
- exosomes
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human DROSHA gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- regulation of miRNA metabolic process
- primary miRNA processing
- defense response to Gram-negative bacterium
- pre-miRNA processing
- positive regulation of gene expression
- regulation of inflammatory response
- regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation
- rRNA processing
- defense response to Gram-positive bacterium
- miRNA metabolic process
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- postsynaptic density
- nucleus
- cytosol
- nucleolus
- microprocessor complex
- nucleoplasm
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- ribonuclease III activity
- protein homodimerization activity
- protein binding
- RNA binding
- SMAD binding
- metal ion binding
- DEAD/H-box RNA helicase binding
- R-SMAD binding
- primary miRNA binding
- lipopolysaccharide binding