TLR7 Gene Summary [Human]
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. The human TLR family comprises 11 members. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. For the recognition of structural components in foreign microorganisms, the various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression as well; in this way for example, TLR-3, -7, and -8 are essential in the recognition of single-stranded RNA viruses. TLR7 senses single-stranded RNA oligonucleotides containing guanosine- and uridine-rich sequences from RNA viruses, a recognition occuring in the endosomes of plasmacytoid dendritic cells and B cells. This gene is predominantly expressed in lung, placenta, and spleen, and is phylogenetically related and lies in close proximity to another family member, TLR8, on chromosome X. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | TLR7 |
| Official Name | toll like receptor 7 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:15631] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000196664 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | toll like receptor 7 |
| Synonyms | IMD74, RGD1563357, SLEB17, TLR7-like, Toll-like receptor 7 |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human TLR7 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- Leucine-rich repeats, outliers
- Leucine-rich repeats, typical (most populated) subfamily
- protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 42
- SEFIR domain
- Leucine rich repeat
- protein binding
- Leucine Rich repeats (2 copies)
- single-stranded RNA binding
- RNA binding
- leucine-rich repeat
- double-stranded RNA binding
- transmembrane domain
- transmembrane receptor
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the TLR7 gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
- Altered T Cell and B Cell Signaling in Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Colorectal Cancer Metastasis Signaling
- Communication between Innate and Adaptive Immune Cells
- Crosstalk between Dendritic Cells and Natural Killer Cells
- Neuroinflammation Signaling Pathway
- NF-κB Signaling
- Phagosome Formation
- Role of Hypercytokinemia/hyperchemokinemia in the Pathogenesis of Influenza
- Role of Macrophages, Fibroblasts and Endothelial Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Role of Pattern Recognition Receptors in Recognition of Bacteria and Viruses
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Signaling
- Toll-like Receptor Signaling
- TREM1 Signaling
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
binds
- ssRNA40
- resiquimod
- mir-19 (includes others)
- DSP-0509
- BDB018
- TQ-A3334
- LHC165
- APR003
- SHR2150
- enpatoran
disease
- neoplasia
- preeclampsia
- endothelial dysfunction
- IgA nephropathy
- severe COVID-19
- COVID-19
- falciparum malaria
- early rheumatoid arthritis
- rheumatoid arthritis
- Sézary syndrome
role in cell
- morphology
- quantity
- activation in
- proliferation
- differentiation
- expression in
- activation
- production in
- recruitment in
- phosphorylation in
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Plasma Membrane
- intracellular compartment
- Cytoplasm
- cell surface
- intracellular space
- membrane surface
- cellular membrane
- endosomes
- lysosome
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- endoplasmic reticulum membrane
- Golgi membrane
- lysosome membrane
- endosomal compartment
- endosomal membrane
- late endosomes
- endolysosomes
- exosomes
- phagosomes
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human TLR7 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- I-kappaB phosphorylation
- toll-like receptor 7 signaling pathway
- positive regulation of inflammatory response
- positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade
- JNK cascade
- I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade
- positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- toll-like receptor signaling pathway
- positive regulation of macrophage cytokine production
- positive regulation of interferon-alpha production
- cellular response to mechanical stimulus
- positive regulation of interleukin-8 production
- inflammatory response
- regulation of protein phosphorylation
- positive regulation of interferon-beta production
- innate immune response
- positive regulation of interferon-gamma production
- defense response to virus
- positive regulation of interleukin-6 production
- positive regulation of chemokine production
- response to cGMP
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- endoplasmic reticulum membrane
- early phagosome
- endosome
- endolysosome membrane
- cytoplasm
- endosome membrane
- Golgi membrane
- endoplasmic reticulum
- receptor complex
- plasma membrane
- lysosome
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- protein binding
- double-stranded RNA binding
- single-stranded RNA binding
- siRNA binding