MYD88 Gene Summary [Human]
This gene encodes a cytosolic adapter protein that plays a central role in the innate and adaptive immune response. This protein functions as an essential signal transducer in the interleukin-1 and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways. These pathways regulate that activation of numerous proinflammatory genes. The encoded protein consists of an N-terminal death domain and a C-terminal Toll-interleukin1 receptor domain. Patients with defects in this gene have an increased susceptibility to pyogenic bacterial infections. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2010]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | MYD88 |
| Official Name | MYD88 innate immune signal transduction adaptor [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:7562] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000172936 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | MYD88 innate immune signal transduction adaptor, TLR adaptor MYD88 |
| Synonyms | IMD68, MYD88D, MYD88 innate immune signal transduction adaptor, MYD88, innate immune signal transduction adaptor, myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88, WM1 |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human MYD88 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- Death domain
- death receptor binding
- YXXM motif
- protein binding activity, bridging
- SEFIR domain
- protein domain specific binding
- protein binding
- receptor binding
- TIR domain
- identical protein binding
- toll binding
- interleukin-1 receptor binding
- BB loop
- intermediate domain
- TLR2-interaction domain
- Toll IL-1 receptor domain helix B
- Death Domain Superfamily of protein-protein interaction domains
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the MYD88 gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
- Acute Phase Response Signaling
- Autophagy
- Dendritic Cell Maturation
- Hepatic Cholestasis
- IL-1 Signaling
- IL-12 Signaling and Production in Macrophages
- Inflammasome pathway
- iNOS Signaling
- LPS/IL-1 Mediated Inhibition of RXR Function
- Natural Killer Cell Signaling
- Neuroinflammation Signaling Pathway
- NF-κB Signaling
- Role of Hypercytokinemia/hyperchemokinemia in the Pathogenesis of Influenza
- Role of Macrophages, Fibroblasts and Endothelial Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Role of Pattern Recognition Receptors in Recognition of Bacteria and Viruses
- Role of PKR in Interferon Induction and Antiviral Response
- Th17 Activation Pathway
- Toll-like Receptor Signaling
- TREM1 Signaling
- Type I Diabetes Mellitus Signaling
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- insulin resistance
- weight loss
- fibrosis
- neoplasia
- hepatic fibrosis
- adenoma formation
- epithelial neoplasia
- benign neoplasia
- cancer
- epithelial cancer
role in cell
- cell death
- permeability
- quantity
- expression in
- proliferation
- production in
- synthesis in
- number
- phosphorylation in
- apoptosis
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Plasma Membrane
- Cytoplasm
- cell surface
- Nucleus
- cytoplasmic aggregates
- cytosol
- cytoplasmic face of plasma membrane
- endosomal compartment
- endosomal membrane
- early endosomes
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human MYD88 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- Toll signaling pathway
- response to peptidoglycan
- neutrophil activation involved in immune response
- JNK cascade
- skin development
- positive regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response
- positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity
- MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway
- response to molecule of fungal origin
- positive regulation of lymphocyte proliferation
- apoptotic process
- defense response to virus
- positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production
- positive regulation of chemokine production
- defense response to Gram-positive bacterium
- positive regulation of type I interferon production
- induced systemic resistance
- response to amine stimulus
- toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway
- response to organic cyclic compound
- positive regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome complex assembly
- defense response to bacterium
- positive regulation of interleukin-8 production
- positive regulation of gene expression
- response to interleukin-1
- gene expression
- regulation of inflammatory response
- lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway
- positive regulation of interleukin-6 production
- microglia differentiation
- response to amino acid stimulus
- positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade
- positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- defense response to protozoan
- positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation
- positive regulation of macrophage cytokine production
- response to ethanol
- chromatin remodeling
- positive regulation of interleukin-23 production
- regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 production
- positive regulation of interleukin-17 production
- neutrophil mediated killing of bacterium
- 3'-UTR-mediated mRNA stabilization
- signal transduction
- cell surface receptor signaling pathway
- type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway
- leukocyte activation involved in inflammatory response
- cellular response to mechanical stimulus
- cellular response to lipopolysaccharide
- innate immune response
- positive regulation of JNK cascade
- immunoglobulin mediated immune response
- phagocytosis
- interleukin-1-mediated signaling pathway
- toll-like receptor 8 signaling pathway
- regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production
- positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- nucleus
- cytoplasm
- extrinsic to internal side of plasma membrane
- cytosol
- macromolecular complex
- endosome membrane
- extrinsic to plasma membrane
- plasma membrane
- cell surface
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- identical protein binding
- protein binding
- signaling adaptor activity
- Toll binding
- death receptor binding
- Toll-like receptor binding
- interleukin-1 receptor binding
- binding, bridging
- TIR domain binding