A2m Gene Summary [Rat]
Enables endopeptidase inhibitor activity; identical protein binding activity; and neurotrophin binding activity. Involved in several processes, including acute inflammatory response; embryonic liver development; and luteinization. Located in extracellular space. Used to study hemolytic anemia and toxic shock syndrome. Biomarker of several diseases, including liver disease (multiple); membranous glomerulonephritis; osteonecrosis; peritonitis; and trypanosomiasis. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in COVID-19; background diabetic retinopathy; multiple sclerosis; neurodegenerative disease (multiple); and obstructive lung disease. Orthologous to human A2M (alpha-2-macroglobulin). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2025]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | A2m |
| Official Name | alpha-2-macroglobulin [Source:RGD Symbol;Acc:2004] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSRNOG00000028896 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | alpha-2-macroglobulin |
| Synonyms | A2m1, A2maa, A2MAC1, A2mb, A2MD, Alpha2 M, Alpha2 macrofetoprotein, alpha2 MACROGLOBIN, alpha-2-macroglobulin, Alpha-2-microglobulin, CPAMD5, FWP007, LOC100911545, Mam, S863-7, α-2-macroglobin, α-2-macroglobulin, α-2-microglobulin, α Macroglobulin |
| Species | Rat, Rattus norvegicus |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in rat A2m often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- Alpha-2-macroglobulin bait region domain
- bait domain
- cytokine binding
- A-macroglobulin receptor binding domain
- interleukin-1 binding
- identical protein binding
- receptor binding domain
- ISOPREN_C2_like
- growth factor domain
- A-macroglobulin TED domain
- growth factor binding
- MG2 domain
- calcium-dependent protein binding
- protease binding
- serine protease inhibitor activity
- Macroglobulin domain MG4
- Lrp binding domain
- enzyme binding
- protein binding
- receptor binding
- Bacterial Ig-like domain (group 1)
- Macroglobulin domain MG3
- endopeptidase inhibitor
- interleukin-8 binding
- transporter
- Alpha-2-macroglobulin family
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the A2m gene in rat plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- depressive disorder
- Alzheimer disease
- experimentally-induced diabetes
- psoriasis
- idiopathic scoliosis
- Huntington disease
- polycystic kidney disease
- aortic valve calcification
- systemic inflammatory response syndrome
- androgenic alopecia
role in cell
- apoptosis
- expression in
- adhesion
- cell division
- cell death
- organization
- cell viability
- phosphorylation in
- differentiation
- response
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Extracellular Space
- detergent-soluble membrane fractions
- detergent resistant lipid raft fraction
- cell surface
- Nucleus
- vacuole
- vesicles
- lysosome
- alpha granules
- late endosomes
- plasma
- detergent-soluble fraction
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the rat A2m gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- luteinization
- stem cell differentiation
- response to prostaglandin E stimulus
- acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus
- response to glucocorticoid stimulus
- negative regulation of complement activation, lectin pathway
- response to nutrient
- acute-phase response
- response to carbon dioxide
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- platelet alpha granule lumen
- extracellular space
- extracellular vesicular exosome
- blood microparticle
- extracellular region
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- growth factor binding
- identical protein binding
- interleukin-8 binding
- calcium-dependent protein binding
- brain-derived neurotrophic factor binding
- protease binding
- receptor binding
- nerve growth factor binding
- serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity
- endopeptidase inhibitor activity
- protein binding
- tumor necrosis factor binding
- interleukin-1 binding
- enzyme binding