GNAI2 Gene Summary [Human]
The protein encoded by this gene is an alpha subunit of guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins). The encoded protein contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and is involved in the hormonal regulation of adenylate cyclase. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2013]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | GNAI2 |
| Official Name | G protein subunit alpha i2 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:4385] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000114353 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | G protein subunit alpha i2, GTP-binding regulatory protein Gi alpha-2 chain |
| Synonyms | Galphai2, GI2, GI2 alpha, GI2 α, Gia, Gialpha-2, Gi, Alpha2 Subunit, GIP, Giα-2, GNAI2B, G protein subunit alpha i2, G protein subunit α i2, G protein α I2, guanine nucleotide binding, G α I2, HG1C, H LUCA15.1, H LUCA16.1, I2, LOC102642216 |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human GNAI2 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- GTP binding
- G protein alpha subunit
- GTPase domain
- alpha helix
- GTPase
- G-protein alpha subunit
- enzyme
- protein binding
- P-loop containing Nucleoside Triphosphate Hydrolases
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the GNAI2 gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
- AMPK Signaling
- Apelin Adipocyte Signaling Pathway
- Apelin Cardiomyocyte Signaling Pathway
- Apelin Endothelial Signaling Pathway
- Apelin Muscle Signaling Pathway
- CCR3 Signaling in Eosinophils
- Chemokine Signaling
- Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Signaling
- CXCR4 Signaling
- Endocannabinoid Cancer Inhibition Pathway
- Endocannabinoid Developing Neuron Pathway
- Endothelin-1 Signaling
- Ephrin B Signaling
- Ephrin Receptor Signaling
- fMLP Signaling in Neutrophils
- G Beta Gamma Signaling
- Gαq Signaling
- IL-1 Signaling
- P2Y Purinergic Receptor Signaling Pathway
- Protein Kinase A Signaling
- Relaxin Signaling
- RhoGDI Signaling
- Role of PI3K/AKT Signaling in the Pathogenesis of Influenza
- Sperm Motility
- Thrombin Signaling
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- epithelial neoplasia
- epithelial cancer
- cancer
- neoplasia
- weight loss
- tumor
- atherosclerosis
- adrenal cortex neoplasm
- hypertension
- psoriatic arthritis
role in cell
- activation
- proliferation
- expression in
- growth
- degradation in
- binding in
- accumulation in
- function
- damage in
- activation in
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Plasma Membrane
- plasma membrane fraction
- raft fractions
- caveolae fraction
- detergent-soluble membrane fractions
- membrane fraction
- pH resistant lipid raft fraction
- detergent resistant lipid raft fraction
- caveolae-derived endocytic vesicles
- exocytic vesicle
- Cytoplasm
- cellular membrane
- cell cortex
- Nucleus
- basal bodies
- centrosome
- midbody
- cytosol
- caveolae
- lysosome membrane
- nucleoplasm
- growth cone
- synapse
- secretory granules
- rough microsomes
- smooth microsomes
- membrane rafts
- perikaryon
- dendrites
- exosomes
- phagosomes
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human GNAI2 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
- cell proliferation
- negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity
- positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway
- G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
- signal transduction
- negative regulation of synaptic transmission
- positive regulation of cell proliferation
- G-protein coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway
- response to nutrient
- adenylate cyclase-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
- negative regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis
- gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway
- cell division
- adenosine receptor signaling pathway
- positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
- positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation
- regulation of calcium ion transport
- negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway
- positive regulation of urine volume
- positive regulation of cell migration
- positive regulation of superoxide anion generation
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- synapse
- plasma membrane
- nucleoplasm
- dendrite
- centrosome
- heterotrimeric G-protein complex
- extracellular vesicular exosome
- cytoplasm
- cell body
- membrane
- cytosol
- midbody
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- GTP binding
- G-protein coupled receptor binding
- protein binding
- metal ion binding
- GTPase activity
- G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding