EIF2S1 Gene Summary [Human]
The translation initiation factor EIF2 catalyzes the first regulated step of protein synthesis initiation, promoting the binding of the initiator tRNA to 40S ribosomal subunits. Binding occurs as a ternary complex of methionyl-tRNA, EIF2, and GTP. EIF2 is composed of 3 nonidentical subunits, the 36-kD EIF2-alpha subunit (EIF2S1), the 38-kD EIF2-beta subunit (EIF2S2; MIM 603908), and the 52-kD EIF2-gamma subunit (EIF2S3; MIM 300161). The rate of formation of the ternary complex is modulated by the phosphorylation state of EIF2-alpha (Ernst et al., 1987 [PubMed 2948954]).[supplied by OMIM, Feb 2010]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | EIF2S1 |
| Official Name | eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:3265] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000134001 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha |
| Synonyms | 0910001O23Rik, 2410026C18Rik, EIF-2, EIF-2A, EIF-2alpha, Eif2 α, Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 2 Alpha Subunit, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 1 alpha, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 1 α, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit α, Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 2 α Subunit |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human EIF2S1 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- Ribosomal protein S1-like RNA-binding domain
- S1_like
- S1 RNA binding domain
- ribosome binding
- translation initiation factor
- protein binding
- Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha subunit
- translation regulator
- phosphorylation site
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the EIF2S1 gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- Alzheimer disease
- psoriasis
- organismal death
- adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma
- head and neck squamous cell cancer
- Rett syndrome
- head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
role in cell
- cell death
- expression in
- quantity
- activation in
- apoptosis
- transcription in
- proliferation
- survival
- cell viability
- synthesis in
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Cytoplasm
- polyribosome fractions
- Nucleus
- Mitochondria
- polysomes
- cytosol
- synapse
- stress granule
- astrocyte projections
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human EIF2S1 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- stress granule assembly
- cellular response to heat
- cellular response to amino acid starvation
- cellular response to UV
- positive regulation of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process
- cellular response to oxidative stress
- negative regulation of translational initiation in response to stress
- macromitophagy
- translational initiation
- response to endoplasmic reticulum stress
- regulation of translational initiation in response to stress
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- nucleus
- extracellular vesicular exosome
- cytoplasmic stress granule
- membrane
- mitochondrion
- cytosol
- synapse
- eukaryotic 48S preinitiation complex
- eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 complex
- translation initiation ternary complex
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- translation initiation factor activity
- RNA binding
- protein binding
- ribosome binding