DDIT3 Gene Summary [Human]
This gene encodes a member of the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) family of transcription factors. The protein functions as a dominant-negative inhibitor by forming heterodimers with other C/EBP members, such as C/EBP and LAP (liver activator protein), and preventing their DNA binding activity. The protein is implicated in adipogenesis and erythropoiesis, is activated by endoplasmic reticulum stress, and promotes apoptosis. Fusion of this gene and FUS on chromosome 16 or EWSR1 on chromosome 22 induced by translocation generates chimeric proteins in myxoid liposarcomas or Ewing sarcoma. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding two isoforms with different length have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2010]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | DDIT3 |
| Official Name | DNA damage inducible transcript 3 [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:2726] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000175197 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | DNA damage inducible transcript 3, C/EBP zeta |
| Synonyms | AC144852.1, AltDDIT3, C/EBP-homologous, C/EBP homology, CEBPZ, C/EBPzeta, Cebp Zeta, Cebp ζ, CHOP, CHOP-10, DNA DAMAGE-INDUCIBLE transcript, DNA-damage inducible transcript 3, GADD153, RM4 |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in human DDIT3 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- transcription regulator
- cAMP response element binding protein binding
- transcription co-repressor
- transcription activation domain
- transcription factor binding
- leucine zipper domain
- identical protein binding
- bZIP domain
- RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding
- basic domain
- bZIP
- RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific binding transcriptional activator activity
- DNA binding domain
- nucleic acid binding
- LRR-domain binding
- Basic region leucine zipper
- protein binding
- sequence-specific DNA binding
- DNA binding
- phosphorylation site
- double-stranded DNA binding
- protein homodimerization
- transcription factor activity
- protein heterodimerization
- basic region leucin zipper
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the DDIT3 gene in human plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- neoplasia
- cancer
- experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
- breast cancer
- obesity
- experimental autoimmune disease
- experimental Huntington disease
- non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- hyperglycemia
- ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury
role in cell
- cell viability
- accumulation in
- apoptosis
- survival
- morphology
- expression in
- production in
- quantity
- activation
- proliferation
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Nucleus
- nuclear fraction
- Cytoplasm
- cytosol
- nucleoplasm
- neurites
- late endosomes
- chromatin
- perikaryon
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the human DDIT3 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- response to wounding
- response to starvation
- positive regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
- artery development
- positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- response to unfolded protein
- ER overload response
- positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process
- sensory perception of sound
- negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- anterior/posterior axis specification
- negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
- endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response
- positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
- Wnt receptor signaling pathway
- release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol
- regulation of cell cycle
- negative regulation of interferon-gamma production
- negative regulation of interleukin-17 production
- positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
- negative regulation of determination of dorsal identity
- negative regulation of fat cell differentiation
- regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
- cell redox homeostasis
- negative regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
- response to DNA damage stimulus
- regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- negative regulation of canonical Wnt receptor signaling pathway
- proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
- negative regulation of interleukin-4 production
- positive regulation of interleukin-8 production
- negative regulation of myoblast differentiation
- blood vessel maturation
- regulation of autophagy
- response to platelet-derived growth factor stimulus
- gene expression
- establishment of protein localization in mitochondrion
- intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress
- response to endoplasmic reticulum stress
- negative regulation of protein kinase B signaling cascade
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- transcription factor complex
- nucleus
- cytoplasm
- late endosome
- protein-DNA complex
- cytosol
- chromatin
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- cAMP response element binding protein binding
- identical protein binding
- protein homodimerization activity
- RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding
- transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding
- RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity involved in positive regulation of transcription
- transcription factor binding
- leucine zipper domain binding
- sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity
- DNA binding
- sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
- protein binding
- protein heterodimerization activity
- transcription corepressor activity