Irs1 Gene Summary [Rat]
Enables several functions, including SH2 domain binding activity; protein kinase binding activity; and signaling receptor binding activity. Involved in several processes, including cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus; regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway; and regulation of peptide hormone secretion. Part of insulin receptor complex. Used to study end stage renal disease; obesity; and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Biomarker of Alzheimer's disease; metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; and osteoporosis. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in Alzheimer's disease; coronary artery disease; type 2 diabetes mellitus; and uterine fibroid. Orthologous to human IRS1 (insulin receptor substrate 1). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | Irs1 |
| Official Name | insulin receptor substrate 1 [Source:RGD Symbol;Acc:2922] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSRNOG00000014597 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | insulin receptor substrate 1 |
| Synonyms | G972R, HIRS-1, insulin receptor substrate 1, IRS1IRM |
| Species | Rat, Rattus norvegicus |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in rat Irs1 often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- insulin receptor binding
- PTB domain (IRS-1 type)
- phosphoinositide binding domain
- protein binding activity, bridging
- enzyme
- phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulator
- Jnk-binding domain
- insulin-like growth factor receptor binding
- NPXY motif
- receptor signaling complex scaffold protein
- PH domain
- SAIN domain
- transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase adaptor protein
- Akt phosphorylation site
- protein kinase binding
- SH2-domain binding
- protein kinase C binding
- phosphotyrosine binding
- central domain
- protein domain specific binding
- protein binding
- phosphotyrosine binding domain
- Pleckstrin homology-like domain
- phosphorylation site
- phosphoinositide 3-kinase binding
- binding protein
- tyrosine phosphorylation site
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the Irs1 gene in rat plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
- AMPK Signaling
- Apelin Liver Signaling Pathway
- Autophagy
- Cardiac Hypertrophy Signaling
- GDNF Family Ligand-Receptor Interactions
- Growth Hormone Signaling
- IGF-1 Signaling
- IL-4 Signaling
- IL-9 Signaling
- ILK Signaling
- Insulin Receptor Signaling
- mTOR Signaling
- p70S6K Signaling
- Prolactin Signaling
- Regulation of eIF4 and p70S6K Signaling
- Role of JAK1 and JAK3 in γc Cytokine Signaling
- Role of JAK2 in Hormone-like Cytokine Signaling
- SAPK/JNK Signaling
- Thyroid Cancer Signaling
- Type II Diabetes Mellitus Signaling
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- insulin resistance
- hyperglycemia
- obesity
- diabetes mellitus
- Parkinson disease
- non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- impaired glucose tolerance
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- hyperplasia
- classic medulloblastoma
role in cell
- cell death
- apoptosis
- number
- proliferation
- expression in
- phosphorylation in
- survival
- growth
- activation in
- migration
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Cytoplasm
- high-density microsomal fractions
- nuclear fraction
- raft fractions
- low-density microsomal fraction
- intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
- perinuclear region
- intracellular membranes
- cellular membrane
- Nucleus
- Plasma Membrane
- basal bodies
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- cytosol
- caveolae
- nucleoplasm
- neurites
- myoplasm
- smooth microsomes
- pseudopodia
- perikaryon
- plasma
- endoplasmic reticulum-rich vesicle fraction
- cytoskeletal fraction
- cytoplasmic fraction
- cytosolic fraction
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the rat Irs1 gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway
- signal transduction
- positive regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation
- insulin receptor signaling pathway
- positive regulation of cell proliferation
- insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway
- positive regulation of glucose import
- negative regulation of insulin secretion
- positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process
- negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway
- cellular response to insulin stimulus
- protein kinase B signaling cascade
- positive regulation of glucose metabolic process
- response to insulin stimulus
- cellular response to fatty acid
- cytokine-mediated signaling pathway
- glucose homeostasis
- positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling cascade
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- insulin receptor complex
- nucleus
- caveola
- cytoplasm
- intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
- cytosol
- plasma membrane
- nucleoplasm
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- phosphotyrosine binding
- protein kinase C binding
- phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase binding
- protein binding
- signaling adaptor activity
- transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase adaptor activity
- SH2 domain binding
- insulin receptor binding
- insulin-like growth factor receptor binding
- receptor signaling complex scaffold activity