Lep Gene Summary [Mouse]
Enables DNA binding activity and hormone activity. Involved in several processes, including cell surface receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of cytokine production; and positive regulation of signal transduction. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including determination of adult lifespan; regulation of protein localization; and steroid metabolic process. Located in cytoplasm and extracellular space. Is expressed in several structures, including adipose tissue; alimentary system; central nervous system; early conceptus; and reproductive system. Used to study abdominal obesity-metabolic syndrome (multiple); obesity; steatotic liver disease (multiple); and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including alcohol dependence; congenital leptin deficiency; liver disease (multiple); lung disease (multiple); and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Orthologous to human LEP (leptin). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | Lep |
| Official Name | leptin [Source:MGI Symbol;Acc:MGI:104663] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSMUSG00000059201 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | leptin |
| Synonyms | LEPD, Leptin, OB, obese, Obgrp, OBS |
| Species | Mouse, Mus musculus |
| Orthologies |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains in mouse Lep often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- Leptin
- hormone
- protein binding
- receptor binding
- cytokine
- growth factor
- DNA binding
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the Lep gene in mouse plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
- Adipogenesis pathway
- AMPK Signaling
- Dendritic Cell Maturation
- Erythropoietin Signaling
- Estrogen Receptor Signaling
- Hepatic Cholestasis
- Hepatic Fibrosis / Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation
- HMGB1 Signaling
- IL-17 Signaling
- Leptin Signaling in Obesity
- Osteoarthritis Pathway
- RAR Activation
- Role of JAK2 in Hormone-like Cytokine Signaling
- Role of Pattern Recognition Receptors in Recognition of Bacteria and Viruses
- Serotonin Receptor Signaling
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- obesity
- liver neoplasia
- cancer
- tumorigenesis
- Parkinson disease
- weight gain
- gastrointestinal neoplasia
- abdominal cancer
- edema
- allergic rhinitis
phenotypes
- abnormal coat appearance
- abnormal eye posterior chamber depth
- abnormal retinal inner nuclear layer morphology
- decreased exploration in new environment
- decreased grip strength
- decreased heart rate
- decreased heart weight
- decreased total retina thickness
- decreased vertical activity
- female infertility
- impaired glucose tolerance
- increased cardiac output
- increased cardiac stroke volume
- increased cornea thickness
- increased fasting circulating glucose level
- increased startle reflex
- male infertility
- prolonged QRS complex duration
- prolonged RR interval
- short tibia
- abnormal acute inflammation
- abnormal adipose tissue amount
- abnormal arteriole morphology
- abnormal behavior
- abnormal body weight
- abnormal bone marrow morphology
- abnormal branching of the mammary ductal tree
- abnormal cardiac stroke volume
- abnormal cardiovascular system physiology
- abnormal cell cycle
- abnormal chemokine secretion
- abnormal circulating cholesterol level
- abnormal circulating glucose level
- abnormal circulating hormone level
- abnormal circulating pancreatic peptide level
- abnormal colon goblet cell morphology
- abnormal cortical plate morphology
- abnormal corticosterone level
- abnormal digestive system physiology
- abnormal eating behavior
- abnormal embryonic neuroepithelium morphology
- abnormal epidermal layer morphology
- abnormal epididymal fat pad morphology
- abnormal fasting circulating glucose level
- abnormal fat cell morphology
- abnormal food intake
- abnormal frequency of paradoxical sleep
- abnormal gland physiology
- abnormal glucose homeostasis
- abnormal gonadal fat pad morphology
- abnormal grip strength
- abnormal heart weight
- abnormal hepatocyte physiology
- abnormal hormone level
- abnormal insulin secretion
- abnormal intestinal epithelium morphology
- abnormal intestinal mucosa morphology
- abnormal intestine morphology
- abnormal lipid level
- abnormal liver weight
- abnormal locomotor activation
- abnormal long bone epiphyseal plate morphology
- abnormal long bone epiphyseal plate proliferative zone
- abnormal long bone hypertrophic chondrocyte zone
- abnormal microglial cell physiology
- abnormal muscle contractility
- abnormal muscle morphology
- abnormal myocardial fiber morphology
- abnormal myocardial fiber physiology
- abnormal nucleotide metabolism
- abnormal osteoclast differentiation
- abnormal ovarian folliculogenesis
- abnormal oxygen consumption
- abnormal pain threshold
- abnormal pancreatic beta cell morphology
- abnormal pancreatic beta cell physiology
- abnormal pancreatic islet morphology
- abnormal podocyte morphology
- abnormal postnatal growth
- abnormal protein level
- abnormal respiratory electron transport chain
- abnormal retinal vasculature morphology
- abnormal skeletal muscle fiber type ratio
- abnormal skeleton development
- abnormal sleep pattern
- abnormal startle reflex
- abnormal sympathetic nervous system physiology
- abnormal tibia morphology
- abnormal urine catecholamine level
- abnormal urine homeostasis
- abnormal vagina orifice morphology
- abnormal vascular wound healing
- abnormal white adipose tissue morphology
- absent corpus luteum
- albuminuria
- allodynia
- altered response to myocardial infarction
- decreased CD4-positive alpha beta T cell number
- decreased NK cell number
- decreased T cell proliferation
- decreased activity of thyroid gland
- decreased body length
- decreased body temperature
- decreased bone mass
- decreased cardiac muscle contractility
- decreased circulating follicle stimulating hormone level
- decreased circulating glucose level
- decreased circulating leptin level
- decreased circulating prolactin level
- decreased circulating testosterone level
- decreased circulating tumor necrosis factor level
- decreased embryonic neuroepithelial cell proliferation
- decreased embryonic neuroepithelium thickness
- decreased food intake
- decreased insulin secretion
- decreased lean body mass
- decreased length of long bones
- decreased liver triglyceride level
- decreased nerve conduction velocity
- decreased oxygen consumption
- decreased pancreatic beta cell mass
- decreased pancreatic beta cell number
- decreased pituitary hormone level
- decreased seminal vesicle weight
- decreased skeletal muscle fiber size
- decreased skeletal muscle mass
- decreased somatotroph cell number
- decreased splenocyte number
- decreased susceptibility to hepatic steatosis
- decreased testis weight
- decreased white fat cell number
- disorganized pancreatic islets
- enlarged kidney
- enlarged myocardial fiber
- enlarged pancreatic islets
- expanded mesangial matrix
- fragmentation of sleep/wake states
- glomerulosclerosis
- heart left ventricle hypertrophy
- hepatic steatosis
- hyperalgesia
- hyperglycemia
- hypersecretion of corticosterone
- hypoactivity
- hypoglycemia
- hypotension
- impaired adaptive thermogenesis
- increased adrenocorticotropin level
- increased blood urea nitrogen level
- increased body fat mass
- increased body length
- increased body weight
- increased bone mass
- increased brown adipose tissue amount
- increased brown fat cell lipid droplet size
- increased cholesterol level
- increased circulating HDL cholesterol level
- increased circulating LDL cholesterol level
- increased circulating VLDL cholesterol level
- increased circulating cholesterol level
- increased circulating corticosterone level
- increased circulating free fatty acid level
- increased circulating glucose level
- increased circulating insulin level
- increased circulating leptin level
- increased circulating triglyceride level
- increased defecation amount
- increased fat cell size
- increased food intake
- increased gonadal fat pad weight
- increased growth rate
- increased heart weight
- increased hepatocyte apoptosis
- increased inguinal fat pad weight
- increased insulin secretion
- increased interleukin-6 secretion
- increased interscapular fat pad weight
- increased kidney weight
- increased lean body mass
- increased liver cholesterol level
- increased liver triglyceride level
- increased liver weight
- increased macrophage cell number
- increased metastatic potential
- increased oxygen consumption
- increased pancreas weight
- increased pancreatic beta cell mass
- increased pancreatic beta cell number
- increased pancreatic islet number
- increased percent body fat/body weight
- increased renal glomerulus basement membrane thickness
- increased susceptibility to diet-induced obesity
- increased susceptibility to endotoxin shock
- increased thermal nociceptive threshold
- increased total body fat amount
- increased urine glucose level
- increased white adipose tissue amount
- increased white fat cell number
- increased white fat cell size
- infertility
- insulin resistance
- liver fibrosis
- liver inflammation
- lung inflammation
- macrovesicular hepatic steatosis
- mesangiolysis
- obese
- osteopetrosis
- oxidative stress
- pale liver
- pancreatic islet hyperplasia
- polyphagia
- polyuria
- postnatal lethality incomplete penetrance
- premature death
- prolonged diestrus
- prolonged estrous cycle
- prolonged estrus
- reduced male fertility
- renal glomerulus hypertrophy
- renal interstitial fibrosis
- short femur
- short humerus
- small pancreatic islets
role in cell
- expression in
- inhibition
- production in
- apoptosis
- formation
- killing
- cell death
- phosphorylation in
- activation in
- autophagy in
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Extracellular Space
- low-density microsomal fraction
- cytoplasmic rim
- Cytoplasm
- cell surface
- perinuclear region
- Nucleus
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- cytosol
- apical cell surfaces
- secretory vesicles
- secretory granules
- plasma
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the mouse Lep gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
Biological Process
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- regulation of brown fat cell differentiation
- insulin secretion
- negative regulation of appetite
- positive regulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway
- determination of adult lifespan
- regulation of angiogenesis
- positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein
- central nervous system neuron development
- regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response
- adult feeding behavior
- glucose metabolic process
- negative regulation of glucagon secretion
- positive regulation of developmental growth
- ovulation from ovarian follicle
- regulation of insulin secretion
- fatty acid beta-oxidation
- response to hypoxia
- positive regulation of ion transport
- cellular response to leptin stimulus
- cellular response to L-ascorbic acid
- energy homeostasis
- positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production
- regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity
- regulation of cell cycle
- regulation of intestinal cholesterol absorption
- positive regulation of TOR signaling cascade
- intracellular signal transduction
- negative regulation of appetite by leptin-mediated signaling pathway
- positive regulation of hepatic stellate cell activation
- tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein
- positive regulation of protein import into nucleus
- positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway
- bone mineralization involved in bone maturation
- leptin-mediated signaling pathway
- positive regulation of T cell proliferation
- circadian rhythm
- regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity
- cardiac muscle hypertrophy
- positive regulation of p38MAPK cascade
- positive regulation of JAK-STAT cascade
- T cell differentiation
- positive regulation of interleukin-8 production
- aorta development
- negative regulation of autophagy
- glucose homeostasis
- response to estradiol stimulus
- positive regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion
- response to activity
- prostaglandin secretion
- sexual reproduction
- positive regulation of interleukin-6 production
- positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling cascade
- negative regulation of glutamine transport
- negative regulation of cartilage development
- negative regulation of vasoconstriction
- cholesterol metabolic process
- response to dietary excess
- placenta development
- regulation of lipoprotein lipid oxidation
- bile acid metabolic process
- eating behavior
- cellular response to insulin stimulus
- negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
- response to ethanol
- elastin metabolic process
- intestinal absorption
- response to insulin stimulus
- angiogenesis
- positive regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone secretion
- regulation of steroid biosynthetic process
- positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process
- response to vitamin E
- negative regulation of glucose import
- energy reserve metabolic process
- female pregnancy
- positive regulation of MAPK cascade
- regulation of gluconeogenesis
- hormone metabolic process
- regulation of blood pressure
- glycerol biosynthetic process
- adipose tissue development
- regulation of natural killer cell activation
- positive regulation of interleukin-12 production
- cellular response to retinoic acid
- regulation of bone remodeling
- negative regulation of apoptotic process
- regulation of natural killer cell proliferation
- positive regulation of protein phosphorylation
- lipid metabolic process
- phagocytosis
- regulation of endothelial cell proliferation
- negative regulation of lipid storage
- leukocyte tethering or rolling
Cellular Component
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- extracellular space
- cytosol
- extracellular region
Molecular Function
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- DNA binding
- protein binding
- peptide hormone receptor binding
- hormone activity