IL12B Gene Summary
This gene encodes a subunit of interleukin 12, a cytokine that acts on T and natural killer cells, and has a broad array of biological activities. Interleukin 12 is a disulfide-linked heterodimer composed of the 40 kD cytokine receptor like subunit encoded by this gene, and a 35 kD subunit encoded by IL12A. This cytokine is expressed by activated macrophages that serve as an essential inducer of Th1 cells development. This cytokine has been found to be important for sustaining a sufficient number of memory/effector Th1 cells to mediate long-term protection to an intracellular pathogen. Overexpression of this gene was observed in the central nervous system of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), suggesting a role of this cytokine in the pathogenesis of the disease. The promoter polymorphism of this gene has been reported to be associated with the severity of atopic and non-atopic asthma in children. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Details
| Type | Protein Coding |
| Official Symbol | IL12B |
| Official Name | interleukin 12B [Source:HGNC Symbol;Acc:HGNC:5970] |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000113302 |
| Bio databases IDs | |
| Aliases | interleukin 12B, natural killer cell stimulatory factor-2, cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 2, p40, interleukin 12, p40, natural killer cell stimulatory factor, 40 kD subunit, interleukin-12 beta chain, IL12, subunit p40 |
| Synonyms | CLMF,CLMF2,COSTIMULATORY MOLECULE P40,IL-12,IL-12/23p40,Il12 beta,IL-12 p40,IL-12p40/p70,Il12 β,IL-23 P40,IMD28,IMD29,interleukin 12B,NKSF,NKSF2,p40 |
| Species | Human, Homo sapiens |
Protein Domains
A protein domain is a distinct structural or functional region within a protein that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. These domains often fold into stable, three-dimensional structures and are associated with specific biological functions, such as binding to DNA, other proteins, or small molecules.
- interleukin-23 receptor binding
- immunoglobulin domain
- Cytokine interleukin-12p40 C-terminus
- protein binding
- cytokine
- identical protein binding
- growth factor
- interleukin-12 alpha subunit binding
- hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor ligand
- FNIII-like repeat
- binding protein
- FN3
- interleukin-12 receptor binding
- Immunoglobulin like
- immunoglobulin-like protein domain
- protein heterodimerization
Pathways
Biological processes and signaling networks where the IL12B gene plays a role, providing insight into its function and relevance in health or disease.
- Communication between Innate and Adaptive Immune Cells
- Crosstalk between Dendritic Cells and Natural Killer Cells
- Dendritic Cell Maturation
- Differential Regulation of Cytokine Production in Intestinal Epithelial Cells by IL-17A and IL-17F
- Differential Regulation of Cytokine Production in Macrophages and T Helper Cells by IL-17A and IL-17F
- Erythropoietin Signaling
- Hepatic Cholestasis
- HMGB1 Signaling
- IL-12 Signaling and Production in Macrophages
- IL-17 Signaling
- Natural Killer Cell Signaling
- Role of Cytokines in Mediating Communication between Immune Cells
- Role of Hypercytokinemia/hyperchemokinemia in the Pathogenesis of Influenza
- Role of Pattern Recognition Receptors in Recognition of Bacteria and Viruses
- Serotonin Receptor Signaling
- T Helper Cell Differentiation
- Th1 and Th2 Activation Pathway
- Th1 Pathway
- Th17 Activation Pathway
- Th2 Pathway
- Toll-like Receptor Signaling
Top Findings
The most significant associations for this gene, including commonly observed domains, pathway involvement, and functional highlights based on current data.
disease
- neoplasia
- cancer
- ataxia
- cognitive impairment
- astrocytosis
- demyelination
- Alzheimer disease
- infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- refractory Crohn disease
- immunodeficiency 29
role in cell
- expression in
- proliferation
- activation in
- phosphorylation in
- activation
- loss
- cell death
- apoptosis
- generation in
- degeneration
Subcellular Expression
Locations within the cell where the protein is known or predicted to be active, providing insight into its function and cellular context.
- Extracellular Space
- Golgi lumen
- Cytoplasm
- cell surface
- intracellular space
- Nucleus
- endosomes
- cytosol
- endoplasmic reticulum lumen
- plasma
Gene Ontology Annotations
Describes the biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions associated with the IL12B gene, providing context for its role in the cell.
biological PROCESS
Functions and activities the gene product is involved in
- positive regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process
- negative regulation of interleukin-10 production
- positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein
- positive regulation of T-helper 17 type immune response
- positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production
- positive regulation of lymphocyte proliferation
- positive regulation of interferon-gamma production
- positive regulation of tissue remodeling
- defense response to virus
- natural killer cell activation
- positive regulation of activation of Janus kinase activity
- positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production
- regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein
- positive regulation of inflammatory response
- positive regulation of T cell proliferation
- positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation
- natural killer cell activation involved in immune response
- positive regulation of NK T cell activation
- positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity
- sexual reproduction
- response to UV-B
- positive regulation of cell adhesion
- positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity directed against tumor cell target
- defense response to protozoan
- positive regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation
- negative regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway
- positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation
- cytokine-mediated signaling pathway
- positive regulation of NK T cell proliferation
- negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation
- positive regulation of interleukin-17 production
- positive regulation of T-helper 17 cell lineage commitment
- negative regulation of interleukin-17 production
- cell migration
- defense response to Gram-negative bacterium
- negative regulation of protein secretion
- T-helper 1 type immune response
- positive regulation of defense response to virus by host
- negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus
- positive regulation of interleukin-12 production
- T-helper cell differentiation
- cellular response to lipopolysaccharide
- positive regulation of memory T cell differentiation
- positive regulation of natural killer cell proliferation
- positive regulation of natural killer cell activation
- T cell proliferation
- positive regulation of T-helper 1 type immune response
- cellular response to interferon-gamma
- regulation of cytokine production
- positive regulation of interleukin-10 production
- interleukin-12-mediated signaling pathway
cellular COMPONENT
Where in the cell the gene product is active
- endoplasmic reticulum lumen
- extracellular space
- late endosome lumen
- external side of plasma membrane
- interleukin-23 complex
- cytosol
- receptor complex
- extracellular region
- interleukin-12 complex
molecular FUNCTION
What the gene product does at the molecular level
- interleukin-23 receptor binding
- growth factor activity
- identical protein binding
- protein binding
- protein heterodimerization activity
- interleukin-12 alpha subunit binding
- interleukin-12 receptor binding
- cytokine activity
- cytokine receptor activity
- cytokine binding